Globalization, tourism and local living conditions on Jamaica's north coast   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

David Dodman 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2009,30(2):204-219

Jamaica's tourism industry has grown rapidly in recent decades, with significant implications for national development. However, the distribution of the benefits from this growth sector has been socially and spatially uneven. Drawing on substantial data sets collected through a variety of participatory research practices, this paper assesses the socioeconomic and environmental challenges facing the residents of Montego Bay and Falmouth on Jamaica's north coast, the main site for tourism development in the country. The research involved training community residents as researchers, and used traditional quantitative methods alongside techniques borrowed from participatory rapid appraisal.
The local society and economy are clearly shown to be affected by processes of globalization and mobility. However, existing patterns of national economic development – including the expansion of the tourism industry – have failed to alleviate the social and environmental problems faced by relatively powerless members of the Jamaican society. In contrast, the most effective responses to this situation have involved stakeholder groups negotiating and breaking down entrenched scaled relationships through the mobilization of particular forms of social networks.  相似文献   

A maroon legacy? Sketching African contributions to live fencing practices in early Spanish America     

Chris S. Duvall 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2009,30(2):232-247

  相似文献   

The spatial ecology of deer–vehicle collisions     

Rusty A. Gonser  Ryan R. Jensen  Samuel E. Wolf 《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》2009,29(4):527-532

Deer–vehicle collisions (DVCs) are a constant problem in North America that cost millions of dollars of damage and loss of human life. This study investigated the spatial relationship of DVCs for a county in western Indiana using nearest neighbor analysis, chi-square test of independence, and a landscape metric: the percentage of like adjacencies. The study was able to show that DVCs are not randomly located, and that habitat type and structure may play an important role in the location of DVCs.  相似文献   

水工工程对长江下游渔业的胁迫与补偿   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

施炜纲  张敏莹  刘凯  徐东坡  段金荣 《湖泊科学》2009,21(1):10-20

长江下游及河口区鱼类物种丰富,特有性高,能构成渔汛的经济品种均集中在该江段,其可捕的经济鱼类品种及渔获量为全江之首,该水域鱼类区系复杂,是长江物种多样性最为丰富的区域之一,随长江干流上水工建筑的大量建造,江湖被隔绝,洄游通道被阻断,海水的入侵、生境的破碎、水文条件的改变等导致了渔业生态功能的削弱,对下游鱼类可捕量、天然鱼类资源、物种多样性、种质资源产生了严重影响,通过对下游渔业资源特征进行了描述,结合当前重大水工建筑:水电工程、调水工程、航道工程、大桥工程及沙石开采工程,介绍了长江水工工程的规模与现状,探讨了不同工程对鱼类环境业已显现的影响,以及对渔业生态和资源的破坏作用,剖析水工工程对渔业可能造成的潜在伤害,同时就工程规划的设计理念、渔业生态的补偿措施提出了建议,指出渔业部门应尽的责任和义务,提出了保护下游渔业资源和生态环境急待开展的科学研究任务.  相似文献   

黑河下游植被对调水的响应   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

蒋晓辉  刘昌明 《地理学报》2009,64(7):791-797

由于黑河下游来水量的减少,黑河下游绿洲面积急剧退化.为了改善黑河下游的生态环境问题,遏制绿洲进一步退化的趋势,国务院批复于2000年开始对黑河下游进行调水,通过9年调水,黑河下游水资源时空分布发生了很大变化.为了客观评价黑河下游植被对调水的响应,本文通过实地调查、遥感等手段,分析了黑河下游1995-2004年地下水埋深、典型植被、景观类型及东居延海在调水以来的变化情况.研究结果表明:黑河下游生态环境对调水响应明显,下游生态环境向良好的方向转变.  相似文献   

毕节地区煤矿生产的生态破坏与植被恢复     

钟震宇 《云南地理环境研究》2009,21(3):42-45

根据毕节地区自然条件和开采的施工工艺及施工组织条件,分析煤矿开采过程中的生态环境破坏情况,提出了植被恢复是生态重建的最重要途径之一;并根据生态学上的“适地适树”原则、“生物多样性”原则、“生态位”等原则,筛选出了目前在煤矿工业场地区、生活管理区、排矸场区等主要区域生长良好的具有功能性的乡土树种,指出了选择树种时需要注意的问题,力争为创建毕节地区生态煤矿探索一种模式并实现矿区生态环境的良性循环。  相似文献   

面向对象的湿地景观遥感分类——以杭州湾南岸地区为例   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

莫利江  曹宇  胡远满  刘淼  夏栋 《湿地科学》2012,10(2):206-213

在ENVIEX软件的Feature Extraction平台上,利用LandsatTM影像数据,采用面向对象方法对杭州湾南岸地区湿地景观进行遥感影像分类;通过与基于最大似然法、人工神经网络法、支持向量机法等传统像元方法的相应分类结果进行比较,系统分析了面向对象方法在中低分辨率遥感影像的湿地景观生态分类中的有效性。研究结果表明:①较之单一依据像元光谱值进行分类的传统方法,面向对象方法综合考虑了对象的光谱、空间、纹理、色彩等多种属性特征,因而对于类型复杂多样、分布界限模糊、光谱混淆与混合像元现象严重的沿海滩涂、湖泊、河流等湿地景观具有更好的鉴别能力,也因此获得更高的分类精度(研究区景观分类总精度为88.80%,Kappa系数为0.8765);②面向对象方法在分类中提取的是由同质性像元组成的"对象",且在合理的影像分割下得到的对象破碎化程度较低,因而能在较大程度上减小分类结果中的"椒盐噪声"干扰;而基于像元方法提取的景观类型以离散像元形式组成,难以清晰表征景观的边界、形状等信息,所以分类结果中会有明显的噪声现象;③影像分割在运用面向对象方法进行遥感影像分类过程中具有重要影响,实验结果表明,60%的分割尺度和归并尺度组合较有利于中低分辨率影像的遥感分类;④面向对象分类过程中诸如影像分割精度的评价、最优分割尺度的选取、特征空间的优化等问题,则有待今后进一步探讨。  相似文献   

旅游区治污性湿地景观生态构建     

杜建强  邢蓓燕  朱凌  张瑛  张灿娟 《湿地科学与管理》2012,8(1):9-12

旅游区常规污水处理已不能满足景观生态的要求,治污性湿地与景观生态设计相结合成为一种新趋势。从景观生态设计原则出发,探讨常熟蒋巷村旅游区生态湿地花园景观生态构建项目。项目运行后,系统出水水质稳定,达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB18918-2002)的一级A标准,并具有良好的景观生态效应。项目的成功实施,为旅游区污水的景观生态处理树立了典范。  相似文献   

A Landscape Guide in Environmental Education     

《The Journal of geography》2012,111(2):69-77

Abstract

The interpretation of landscapes is an important way to learn about geography in environmental education. A Landscape Guide to the Bachelor Reserve applies geographic/historical and biological/ecological perspectives to the interpretation of ten landscape scenes along a three-mile walking tour. For each scene, the guide describes the environmental setting, the composition and structure of the vegetation, and the history of human influences. Questionnaire and field assessments document a well-received interpretive tool, and the need to guide participants across land transitions and interpret land use history clearly. Landscape guides can be used in school/community land labs and contribute to holistic learning and multidisci-plinary exercises in formal and informal environmental education programs.  相似文献   

An event-based methodology for climate change and human–environment research     

《Geografisk tidskrift / udgivet af Bestyrelsen for Det Kongelige danske geografiske selskab》2012,112(2):135-143

Abductive causal eventism (ACE) is an analytical methodology based on a pragmatic view of research methods and explanation that places at the center of research inquiry the answering of ‘why’ questions about events, including human actions or environmental changes of interest. When used in human–environment research, the methodology entails constructing causal histories of interrelated social and/or biophysical events backward in time through a process of eliminative inference and reasoning from effects to causes, called abduction. ACE encourages an eclectic use of methods, models, and theoretical ideas. It fosters integrative, interdisciplinary analysis without being committed either to systems as ontological entities or to holistic analytical frameworks. By not privileging particular theories or explanatory factors in advance, ACE enables researchers to interrogate the plausibility of different causal influences, including local environmental changes that may be related to much wider changes in climate. Likewise, behaviors or practices that may be of value in light of anticipated environmental changes can be studied without their presuming to be caused by these changes or by changes in climate per se. Research on coastal mangrove planting for storm protection in the Philippines and upland tree planting in St. Lucia are used to illustrate these arguments.  相似文献